How are domestic clocks

• How are domestic clock

In Soviet times there and 15 hours of plants. Soviet watches successfully exported to various capitalist countries, including even the United States. The heyday of the Soviet watch industry was in a period of 50-70 years. The rapid growth of watchmaking achieved complete samoobospechenie internal Soviet market and this product was no longer scarce. Not all plants have their own development mechanisms, most of the mechanisms developed centrally and then distributed them to the production of all the plants of the Soviet Union.

An interesting and important point in the history of watch production in the USSR was the fact that absolutely all the mechanisms of 40-60 years have been modified clones Lip mechanism, and then the Swiss mechanisms 40-50 years. But to show how a claim at the time the Soviet Union was not possible.

Now things are worse, of course, but the industry is growing, and Russian watches have their share in the domestic and international market.

Some time ago, I was able to visit the domestic production of watches and jewelery "Nika", located directly in Moscow. The factory is engaged in manufacturing of watches and accessories made of gold and silver. Show and tell about the creation of hours from start to finish!

It begins in the smelting shop and procurement. To make the gold stronger, it is alloyed metals: silver, copper, palladium and nickel. Percentage of gold, which remains in the resulting mixture is called a "breakdown".

It looks like the furnace continuous casting. The metal is melted and flows down, leaving a hot strip 40h5 millimeters in size. Gold is purchased from a special bank bullion to 12 kilograms, which cost about 24 million rubles.

Title "Au 750" on the furnace body means that the gold is located inside the 750 samples. That is, the material consists of 75% gold and 25% other metals. Get out of the furnace the alloy was cut to conventional reinforcing wire cutters.

Next gold band emerged from the oven, placed on a rolling mill, wherein the metal passes between the rollers, acquiring a certain shape. Then the band is chopped into short pieces.

Then, the gold pieces extends recrystallization annealing to impart maximum ductility alloy and then again rolling, in which the bars are gradually becoming thin gold ribbons.

The thin gold plate comes to the shop stamping, from where it is compressed by punching die preform. Then on the drawing die do a bulk item, for example, cover hours.

watches a lot, so different stamps it requires a large amount.

The piston punch descends and presses the detail in a mate die, giving it the desired shape.

The watch case is made up of three parts: top, cap and plug.

Harvesting takes the familiar shape.

Then there is a rounding of the edges, cutting holes for the glass, forming and stamping.

All the stamps are made at a plant in toolroom.

Presets.

You would think that in the stamping shop is noisy, as in other industries related to metal, but it is not. Gold and silver are soft metals, so the room pretty quiet.

Logo production "Nick".

In the workshop soldering parts of the watch are welded together. Solder in the form of thin sticks glued on vaseline ointment which completely evaporates at high temperatures.

Further details on the small conveyor fed into the furnace.

Details tested sequentially three chambers in the furnace at different temperatures.

After the details of the furnace is almost becoming one.

machining shop.

Then the details are subject to rough handling after roasting in the oven, various manufacturing inaccuracies corrected.

Milling Machines more Soviet. The plant has saved these machines, once bought them time closing factories.

These milling machines are good that do not require specialized services and fail often. Virtually any malfunction masters can quickly fix on the spot.

The chips remaining after machining parts, brushes and scoops going into special jars that it was then easier to take for recycling. Accuracy of production contributes significantly to the high price of gold.

All process steps are carefully documented. The papers of the work indicates the mass of all the details to the nearest hundredth, that nothing has not disappeared anywhere.

polishing is virtually the final stage of the blank parts before the actual assembly of a finished product.

Polishing gives the finished parts finished form.

The watch worn on the hooks and down in a special ultrasonic bath, where the water having a temperature of 80 degrees Celsius. Ultrasound cleans dirt from the surface of the bodies.

The final stage of production - assembly. For the production of silver and gold watches are manufactured at the plant only housing, mechanisms used Japanese and Swiss.

The hands and dials are purchased separately, as well as mechanisms. The plant has plans to replace the Swiss and Japanese mechanisms at the domestic, but it's still very distant plans.

mechanisms hidden in a special capsule with brass body and stainless steel lid. Then the capsule mechanism embedded in a housing made of precious metals.

The plant "Nick" clocks are marketed under three brands: cheap Qwill (5-15 thousand), the middle class Nick (up to 160 thousand rubles) and non-serial Nick Exclusive (from 265 thousand), which are made by hand in very small batches .